Associated Press
To understand why jobs are so scarce, consider John McFarland and Nicole Rosen. The two share something in common: They're reluctant to spend freely.
McFarland is CEO of Baldor Electric Co. in Fort Smith, Ark.; Rosen is a consumer in Washington state. Each is earning and saving money. Yet McFarland won't hire until consumers spend more. And Rosen won't spend more until jobs seem secure.
Therein lies the standoff that helps explain the weakness of the recovery and the depth of the jobs crisis. Each side -- employers on one, consumers on the other -- is waiting for the other to spend more.
Which side will blink first?
Many economists predict it will be businesses. Sometime this year, many companies are likely to decide they must replace worn-out equipment or they can't squeeze any more output from their existing staff, according to estimates from Moody's economy.com and IHS Global Insight. Some will then ramp up hiring.
Yet business expansion and hiring are likely to remain so modest that it could take until 2011 or 2012 for consumers to respond by opening their wallets, Moody's economy.com and IHS Global Insight predict. Once they do, households are expected to finally unleash a pent-up demand for appliances, clothes and cars.
Until then, consumers and employers will likely remain wary of hiring or spending much. The jobless rate, now 9.7 percent, will stay high. And employers will create nowhere near the roughly 10 million jobs that economists say are needed to restore the job market to its pre-recession health.
"There's a little bit of a standoff -- a chicken-and-egg problem," said Robert Reich, a professor of public policy at University of California, Berkeley.
Reich holds out the possibility the stalemate will end soon. But short of a major industrial innovation -- some new energy technology, for instance -- he thinks businesses will remain slow to hire and consumers wary of spending for most of this year.
The government likely won't help much. Stimulus spending is waning. So are the Federal Reserve's emergency support programs. That leaves more of the job-creation burden for employers and consumers.
Reich wonders whether some wild-card factor -- a new technology or some breakthrough akin to the spread of the Internet -- might eventually ignite both business and consumer spending.
Will it happen?
"In my optimistic moments, I say yes," Reich said. "Something always seems to come along when you look back at economic history. The times that I just scratch my head, I worry that we're in for a very long period of high unemployment."
